Digital notarization using a biometric identification service

ABSTRACT

A system performs digital notarization using a biometric identification service. A signature requesting service receives a request to validate a digital item with a signature for a person. The signature requesting service provides a payload that identifies the digital item and/or the person to an identity service. The identity service obtains one or more digital representations of biometrics for the person, determines an identity for the person, and returns a data structure including the payload and one or more identity attestations regarding the determined identity. The identity service encrypts at least a portion of the data structure using a private encryption key. A public encryption key for the identity service can then be used to decrypt the portion to verify that the data structure was generated by the identity service after determining the identity. In this way, validation can be verified to the full trust level of the identification service.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S)

This application is a nonprovisional patent application of and claimsthe benefit of U.S. Patent Application No. 62/781,912, filed Dec. 19,2018 and titled “Digital Notarization Using a Biometric IdentificationService,” the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein byreference in its entirety.

FIELD

The described embodiments relate generally to digital notarization. Moreparticularly, the present embodiments relate to digital notarizationusing a biometric identification service.

BACKGROUND

Signatures have long been used to validate agreement of particularpeople to contracts, acknowledge information contained in a document,participation in a written transaction, and for a variety of otherpurposes. However, in order to subsequently verify that a signaturevalidates agreement, acknowledgement, participation, and so on for aparticular person, the signature must be verified as the signature forthat person.

In some situations, a person may be asked to verify his signature.However, this approach is cumbersome, time consuming, and not muchdifferent than having the person sign all over again. In othersituations, a signature expert may analyze the signature to verify thatthe signature belongs to a person. However, this is also cumbersome andtime consuming, and requires extensive research for any significantfidelity level (confidence that the signature is correctly verified asbelonging to a particular person).

Notaries were developed to verify these kinds of signature validations.Notaries are entities who attest to the validity of signatures. Theusefulness of a notary depends on the reputation of the notary.Typically, notaries have a set procedure by which they verify a person'sidentity by checking official identification, observing the person sign,and marking the document. The notarization allows the trustworthiness ofthe notary to substitute for investigation into the validity of asignature. As long as the notary can be trusted, the notarizationverifies the validity of the signature.

SUMMARY

The present disclosure relates to digital notarization using a biometricidentification service. A signature requesting service may receive arequest to validate a digital item with a signature for a person. Thesignature requesting service may provide a payload that identifies thedigital item and/or the person to an identity service. The identityservice may obtain one or more digital representations of biometrics forthe person, determine an identity for the person, and return a datastructure including the payload and one or more identity attestationsregarding the determined identity. The identity service encrypts atleast a portion of the data structure using a private encryption key. Apublic encryption key for the identity service can then be used todecrypt the portion to verify that the data structure was generated bythe identity service after determining the identity. In this way, thevalidation can be verified to the full trust level of the identificationservice.

In various embodiments, a system for digital notarization using abiometric identification service includes at least one non-transitorystorage medium that stores instructions, a biometric reader device, acommunication unit, and at least one processor communicably coupled tothe biometric reader device and the communication unit. The at least oneprocessor executes the instructions to receive a payload from asignature requesting service using the communication unit, the payloadidentifying a digital item to validate with a signature; obtain at leastone digital representation of a biometric using the biometric readerdevice; receive a data structure from an identification service usingthe communication unit, the data structure including the payload and anidentity attestation generated using the at least one digitalrepresentation of the biometric, at least a portion of the datastructure encrypted using a private encryption key of the identificationservice; and transmit the data structure to the signature requestingservice using the communication unit.

In some examples, the identity attestation includes a livenessdetermination related to the at least one digital representation of thebiometric. In various implementations of such examples, the at least oneprocessor generates the liveness determination by analyzing the at leastone digital representation of the biometric or least one additionaldigital representation of a biometric and transmits the livenessdetermination to the identification service using the communication unitalong with the payload and the at least one digital representation ofthe biometric.

In various examples, the at least one processor implements a signaturerequesting service module that performs processing to receive thepayload and transmits the data structure and an identification systemmodule that obtains the at least one digital representation of thebiometric and receives the data structure. In some implementations ofsuch examples, the signature requesting service module and theidentification system module communicate to exchange the payload and thedata structure.

In some examples, the at least one processor instructs theidentification service regarding which of a set of identity informationto include in the identity attestation. In various examples, the atleast one processor instructs the identification service regarding anidentity fidelity level to use in generating the identity attestation.

In some embodiments, a system for digital notarization using a biometricidentification service includes at least one non-transitory storagemedium that stores instructions, a communication unit, and at least oneprocessor communicably coupled to the communication unit. The at leastone processor executes the instructions to receive a payload from asignature requesting service using the communication unit, the payloadidentifying a digital item to validate with a signature; obtain at leastone digital representation of a biometric; determine a liveness of theat least one digital representation of the biometric; determine anidentity using the at least one digital representation of the biometric;generate an identity attestation using the identity and the liveness;generate a data structure that includes the payload and the identityattestation; encrypt at least a portion of the data structure using anidentification service private encryption key; and transmit the datastructure to the signature requesting service using the communicationunit.

In various examples, the at least one processor encrypts the identityattestation in the data structure using a symmetric identity attestationencryption key, generates an encrypted version of the symmetric identityattestation encryption key using the identification service privateencryption key, and includes the encrypted version of the symmetricidentity attestation encryption key in the data structure. In someexamples, the at least one processor generates a hash of the payload andincludes the hash of the payload in the identity attestation. In variousexamples of such implementations, the data structure includes thepayload, the hash of the payload in the identity attestation, andinformation regarding a procedure used to generate the hash of thepayload.

In some examples, the at least one processor determines the identityaccording to an identity fidelity level specified in the payload. Incertain examples of such implementations, the at least one processorincludes the identity fidelity level in the identity attestation.

In various examples, the at least one processor includes a set ofidentity information in the identity attestation as specified by aperson associated with the identity. In some examples, the at least oneprocessor determines the identity by comparing the at least one digitalrepresentation of the biometric to stored biometric data wherein thestored biometric data is associated with the identity. In certainexamples, the at least one processor determines the identity byverifying access to an account wherein the account is associated withthe identity and validating that the at least one digital representationof the biometric matches biometric data stored for the identity.

In various embodiments, a system for digital notarization using abiometric identification service includes at least one non-transitorystorage medium that stores instructions, a communication unit, and atleast one processor communicably coupled to the communication unit. Theat least one processor executes the instructions to determine tovalidate a digital item with a signature; generate a payload thatidentifies the digital item to validate; transmit the payload to anidentification service using the communication unit; receive a datastructure from the identification service using the communication unit,the data structure including the payload and an identity attestationgenerated using at least one digital representation of the biometric, atleast a portion of the data structure encrypted using a privateencryption key of the identification service; and store the datastructure associated with the digital item in the at least onenon-transitory storage medium.

In some examples, the at least one processor uses a public encryptionkey of the identification service to decrypt the portion of the datastructure, extracts the payload and the identity attestation from thedata structure, and uses the payload and the identity attestation toverify validation of the digital item. In various examples, the at leastone processor identifies a person for the signature in the payload. Incertain examples, the at least one processor includes in the payload atleast one of an identity fidelity level to use in generating theidentity attestation or a set of identity information to include in theidentity attestation.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The disclosure will be readily understood by the following detaileddescription in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein likereference numerals designate like structural elements.

FIG. 1 depicts a first example system for digital notarization using abiometric identification service.

FIG. 2 depicts a second example system for digital notarization using abiometric identification service.

FIG. 3 depicts a flow chart illustrating a first example method fordigital notarization using a biometric identification service. Thismethod may be performed by the systems of FIGS. 1 and/or 2.

FIG. 4 depicts a flow chart illustrating a second example method fordigital notarization using a biometric identification service. Thismethod may be performed by the systems of FIGS. 1 and/or 2.

FIG. 5 depicts a flow chart illustrating a third example method fordigital notarization using a biometric identification service. Thismethod may be performed by the systems of FIGS. 1 and/or 2.

FIG. 6 depicts a flow chart illustrating a fourth example method fordigital notarization using a biometric identification service. Thismethod may be performed by the systems of FIGS. 1 and/or 2.

FIG. 7 depicts an example software module configuration that may be usedto implement the system of FIG. 2.

FIG. 8 depicts an example attestation request that may be used in thesystems of FIGS. 1 and/or 2 and/or one or more of the methods of FIGS.3-6.

FIG. 9 depicts an example data structure that may be used in the systemsof FIGS. 1 and/or 2 and/or one or more of the methods of FIGS. 3-6.

FIG. 10 depicts a flow chart illustrating a fifth example method fordigital notarization using a biometric identification service. Thismethod may be performed by the systems of FIGS. 1, 2, and/or 7.

FIG. 11 depicts a flow chart illustrating a sixth example method fordigital notarization using a biometric identification service. Thismethod may be performed by the systems of FIGS. 1, 2, and/or 7.

FIG. 12 depicts a flow chart illustrating a seventh example method fordigital notarization using a biometric identification service. Thismethod may be performed by the systems of FIGS. 1, 2, and/or 7.

FIG. 13 depicts a flow chart illustrating an eighth example method fordigital notarization using a biometric identification service. Thismethod may be performed by the systems of FIGS. 1, 2, and/or 7.

FIG. 14 depicts a flow chart illustrating a ninth example method fordigital notarization using a biometric identification service. Thismethod may be performed by the systems of FIGS. 1, 2, and/or 7.

FIG. 15 depicts a flow chart illustrating a tenth example method fordigital notarization using a biometric identification service. Thismethod may be performed by the systems of FIGS. 1, 2, and/or 7.

FIG. 16 depicts a flow chart illustrating an eleventh example method fordigital notarization using a biometric identification service. Thismethod may be performed by the systems of FIGS. 1, 2, and/or 7.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Reference will now be made in detail to representative embodimentsillustrated in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood thatthe following descriptions are not intended to limit the embodiments toone preferred embodiment. To the contrary, it is intended to coveralternatives, modifications, and equivalents as can be included withinthe spirit and scope of the described embodiments as defined by theappended claims.

The description that follows includes sample systems, apparatuses,methods, and computer program products that embody various elements ofthe present disclosure. However, it should be understood that thedescribed disclosure may be practiced in a variety of forms in additionto those described herein.

Signatures and notarizations are typically physically made ontodocuments that evidence agreements, contracts, statements, and so on.Digital items (such as electronic mortgage or other applications,digital documents or other files, electronic transactions, electroniccontracts, electronic information disclosures, and so on) cannot bephysically signed or notarized as they do not have a physical form.Electronic signature services have been developed that allow a person tosign into an account in order to electronically “sign” a digital item.An electronic record is then kept that indicates that the account“signed” the particular digital item.

However, the fidelity level of such electronic signature services maynot be particularly high. To begin with, they may only truly verify thatsomeone who knew the login credentials for the account signed. Assomeone other than the account holder could learn the login credentials,there may not be a high degree of certainty that the account holdersigned as opposed to someone else who managed to access the account.Further, such electronic signature services may not perform significantauthentication that an account holder is a particular person. They maynot check official identification and/or otherwise reliably authenticateidentity. They may trust that a person signing up for an account is whothe person asserts himself to be, or may authenticate the person'sidentity using knowledge that another person could obtain for thepurpose of creating a fraudulent signature account.

Thus, verification of validations made using electronic signatures madeby these electronic signature services may not have a high level offidelity. This may be due to lack of confidence in the way that theelectronic signature service authenticates identities, the way that theelectronic signature service verifies that the account is used to signby the same person who set up the account, and so on. The less that theverification of validations made using electronic signatures made by theelectronic signature service can be trusted, the less useful thevalidation becomes. If the fidelity level is low enough, theverification may not be any more useful than not verifying at all as theperson signing may still need to be called in later to confirm that hesigned.

The following disclosure relates to digital notarization using abiometric identification service. A signature requesting service mayreceive a request to validate a digital item with a signature for aperson. The signature requesting service may provide a payload thatidentifies the digital item and/or the person to an identity service.The identity service may obtain one or more digital representations ofbiometrics for the person, determine an identity for the person, andreturn a data structure including the payload and one or more identityattestations regarding the determined identity. The identity serviceencrypts at least a portion of the data structure using a privateencryption key. A public encryption key for the identity service canthen be used to decrypt the portion to verify that the data structurewas generated by the identity service after determining the identity. Inthis way, the validation can be verified to the full trust level of theidentification service.

In this way, the data structure may be a notarization of the digitalitem. The signature requesting service may thus not need to verify theuser's identity and may be freed from having to store biometric or otherpersonal data, having to include equipment for storing and evaluatingsuch biometric or other personal data and/or verifying the user'sidentity, and so on. This may allow the signature requesting service toperform functions not otherwise possible faster and/or more efficientlywhile reducing redundant components and consumption of unnecessaryresources. The signature requesting service may instead be able to relyon the strength and fidelity and/or reputation of identifications madeby the identification service, which may be able to providenotarizations to a wide variety of signature requesting services withoutrequiring reconfiguration of the system. Further, verification does notrequire further participation of the identification service and canstill be performed even if the identification service is no longeroperating.

These and other embodiments are discussed below with reference to FIGS.1-16. However, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that thedetailed description given herein with respect to these Figures is forexplanatory purposes only and should not be construed as limiting.

FIG. 1 depicts a first example system 100 for digital notarization usinga biometric identification service. The system includes a number ofentities that may communicate using one or more electronic devicesinterconnected by one or more communication networks. As illustrated,the system 100 may involve interactions between a user 101, a signaturerequesting service 102, and an identification service 103.

The signature requesting service 102 may be any entity that requests theuser 101 to sign a digital item. Such a digital item may include anelectronic mortgage application or other digital file, an onlinepurchase or other transaction, and/or any other digital item that may besigned by the user 101. The user 101 may send a request to the signaturerequesting service 102 to sign the item. The identification service 103may then determine an identity of the user 101 and provide one or moreencrypted data structures or other data structures includingattestations regarding the identity to the signature requesting service102, validating that the user 101 signed and was participating with thesignature requesting service 102 and the digital item when signing. Thesignature requesting service 102 may store the identity attestation,such as with and/or associated with the digital item. The storedidentity attestation may be later used (such as by the signaturerequesting service 102, the identification service 103, and so on) toverify that the identification service 103 validated that the user 101signed and was participating with the signature requesting service 102and the digital item when signing.

In this way, the identity attestation may be a notarization of thedigital item performed by the identification service 103. The signaturerequesting service 102 may thus not need to verify the user's identityand may be freed from having to store biometric or other personal data,having to include equipment for storing and evaluating such biometric orother personal data and/or verifying the user's identity, and so on.This may allow the signature requesting service 102 to perform functionsnot otherwise possible faster and/or more efficiently while reducingredundant components and consumption of unnecessary resources. Thesignature requesting service 102 may instead be able to rely on thestrength and fidelity and/or reputation of identifications made by theidentification service 103, which may be able to provide notarizationsto a wide variety of signature requesting services 102 without requiringreconfiguration of the system 100.

One or more portions of the identity attestation may be encrypted usinga private encryption key for the identification service 103. Thus, acorresponding public encryption key for the identification service 103may be used to decrypt the identity attestation to verify the user 101signed and was participating with the signature requesting service 102and the digital item when signing. Private encryption keys andassociated public encryption keys may be part of an asymmetricencryption key system where private encryption keys are kept secret andused to encrypt data and associated public encryption keys are madeavailable to others and used to decrypt the data encrypted using therespective private encryption key. This is contrasted with symmetricencryption key systems where the same encryption key is used to bothencrypt and decrypt data. By the fact that the public encryption key canbe used to decrypt the identity attestation, the identity attestationproves that the identification service 103 validated. Further, as theidentity attestation thus contains its own proof that the identificationservice 103 validated, the identification service 103 may not need to beinvolved in verifying validation. The identification service 103 may noteven need to still be in operation in order to verify validation.

In some examples, the identification service 103 may obtain digitalrepresentations of one or more biometrics (such as digitalrepresentation of one or more fingerprints, palm prints, retina scans,iris scans, facial images, gaits, heart rhythms or other biologicalinformation, and/or any other information about the user's body that maybe used to identify the user) from the user 101 in order to verify theuser's identity. The identification service 103 may compare the digitalrepresentation of the biometric to stored biometric informationassociated with people's identities. In some implementations, theidentification service 103 may store identity information for a numberof people along with biometric data after the identities have beenauthenticated for the people as part of enrollment in a biometricidentification system. Based on a match, the identification service 103may identify an associated identity and/or provide the identityattestation using various information stored for that identity. Invarious implementations, the identification service may be operable toinclude a variety of different information from the identity in theidentity attestation and/or to identify people at different levels offidelity (e.g., different levels of certainty that the user 101 is theperson identified).

Identification using biometrics may be able to provide identificationswith a higher level of fidelity and assurance that the user 101 isactually present and participating than other identification mechanisms.For example, knowledge-based identification mechanisms such as loginsand/or passwords only verify the appropriate knowledge. People otherthan the user 101 can learn the user's logins and/or passwords. By wayof another example, identification mechanisms that send authenticationmessages to a device the user 101 has, such as authentication textmessages sent to the user's mobile telephone, can be compromised ifsomeone other than the user 101 comes into possession of the device.However, the user 101 is the only one in possession of the user'sbiometrics. Different biometrics may be used to identify an identitywith different levels of fidelity, and the identity so identified may beauthenticated to different levels of strength during enrollment, butbiometrics can be used to provide identifications with a higher level offidelity and assurance that the user 101 is actually present than othermechanisms that more easily can come under the access and control ofother people.

Further, the liveness of a biometric may also be determined. A biometricmay be live if the user 101 is present and providing the biometric asopposed to another person trying to reproduce the biometric (such asusing a previously captured image of the user's biometric, by capturingthe person's biometric when the user 101 is unaware, and so on).Determining that the biometric is live may provide additional certaintythat the user 101 signed and was participating with the signaturerequesting service 102 and the digital item when signing. In someimplementations, a liveness determination of the biometric may beincluded with the identity attestation.

In various examples, the identification service 103 may includeinformation regarding the digital item in the identity attestation. Forexample, the signature requesting service 102 may provide a payload thatincludes information specifying details regarding the digital item (suchas an identifier for the digital item, a name of the user 101, and/orany other information). In such examples, the identification service 103may include the payload with the identity attestation, a hash or otherderivation of the payload, and so on. Inclusion of this information withthe identity attestation may provide further proof tying the attestedidentity to the specific digital item. As such, the identity attestationitself may contain proof not only that the user 101 signed and wasparticipating with the signature requesting service 102 and the digitalitem when signing, but specifically what digital item the user signed.

In some implementations, the signature requesting service 102 mayencrypt the payload with a private encryption key of the signaturerequesting service 102. In this way, an associated public encryption keyfor the signature requesting service 102 may be used to decrypt thepayload once extracted from the identity attestation in order to verifythat the signature requesting service 102 provided the payload that wasused to produce the identity attestation. This may provide furthercertainty regarding the specific digital item that the user 101 signed.

The user 101, the signature requesting service 102, and/or theidentification service 103 may interact in a variety of ways to requestsigning of a digital item, provide information about the digital item tobe signed, obtain digital representation of biometrics, identify theperson, determine the fidelity level of the identity attestation (i.e.,certainty level of the identification) to provide, determine informationassociated with the identity to include in the identity attestation, andso on. For example, the user 101 may communicate with the signaturerequesting service 102 to request to sign a digital item. The signaturerequesting service 102 may communicate with the identification service103 regarding what is being signed and by whom. The identificationservice 103 may communicate with the user 101 to obtain one or moredigital representations of biometrics and/or other information. Theidentification service 103 may communicate with the signature requestingservice 102 to provide the identity attestation. Various configurationsare possible and contemplated without departing from the scope of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 2 depicts a second example system 200 for digital notarizationusing a biometric identification service. The system 200 may include oneor more computing devices 201, signature requesting service devices 202,and/or identification service devices 203.

The computing device 201 may be any kind of computing device, such as alaptop computing device, a desktop computing device, a mobile computingdevice, a mobile telephone, a wearable device, a digital media player, astation (such as a kiosk), and so on. The computing device 201 mayinclude one or more processing units 210, one or more non-transitorystorage media 211 (which may take the form of, but is not limited to, amagnetic storage medium; optical storage medium; magneto-optical storagemedium; read only memory; random access memory; erasable programmablememory; flash memory; and so on), input/output components 212 (such asone or more keyboards, displays, touch displays, computer mice, buttons,and so on), biometric reader devices 213 (such as one or morephosphorescent, optical, and/or other fingerprint sensors; one or morecameras and/or other 2D or 3D image capture devices operable to captureimages of at least a portion of a person's face, gait, and so on; heartrhythm monitors or other biological sensors; and/or any device operableto capture distinctive biometric information from people), communicationunits 220, and so on. The processing unit 210 may execute instructionsstored in the non-transitory storage medium 211 to perform variouscomputing device 201 functions, such as various digital notarizationfunctions.

Similarly, the signature requesting service device 202 may include oneor more processing units 214, non-transitory storage media 215,communication units 216, and so on. The processing unit 214 may executeinstructions stored in the non-transitory storage medium 215 to performvarious signature requesting service device 202 functions, such asvarious digital notarization functions. Likewise, the identificationservice device 203 may include one or more processing units 217,non-transitory storage media 218, communication units 219, and so on.The processing unit 217 may execute instructions stored in thenon-transitory storage medium 218 to perform various identificationservice device 203 functions, such as various digital notarizationfunctions.

For example, the computing device 201 may receive a request from a uservia the input/output component 212 to sign a digital item via asignature requesting service. As such, the computing device 201 maycommunicate with the signature requesting service device 202 via one ormore communication networks 204 using the communication unit 216. Thesignature requesting service device 202 may communicate with theidentification service device 203 regarding the request and theidentification service device 203 may obtain one or more digitalrepresentations of one or more biometrics via the biometric readerdevice 213 of the computing device 201. The identification servicedevice 203 may identify the user and provide one or more attestations tothe signature requesting service device 202, such as included in anencrypted data structure.

In some examples, the computing device 201 may be a user controlledcomputing device, such as a user's mobile telephone, tablet computingdevice, laptop computing device, desktop computing device, wearabledevice (such as a smart watch, smart glasses, and so on), and so on. Inother examples, the computing device 201 may be a station that a usercan use to access the signature requesting service, the identificationservice, to sign digital items using the signature requesting serviceand the identification service, and so on. In some implementations, thestation may be controlled by the identification service. Variousconfigurations are possible and contemplated without departing from thescope of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 depicts a flow chart illustrating a first example method 300 fordigital notarization using a biometric identification service. Thismethod 300 may be performed by the systems 100, 200 of FIGS. 1 and/or 2.For example, the method 300 may be performed by an electronic devicelike the signature requesting service device 202 of FIG. 2, though it isunderstood that this is an example.

At operation 310, the electronic device determines to validate a digitalitem. For example, the electronic device may determine to validate adigital item in response to receiving a request from a user to sign thedigital item.

The flow may proceed to operation 320 where the electronic devicetransmits a payload for validation. The electronic device may transmitthe payload to an identification service. The payload may specifydetails regarding the digital item for validation, the user for whom tovalidate the digital item, and so on. In some implementations, one ormore portions of the payload may be encrypted. For example, theelectronic device may encrypt details specified in the payload using asignature requesting service private encryption key.

Next, the flow may proceed to operation 330 where the electronic devicereceives an encrypted data structure including the payload and one ormore identity attestations. For example, the electronic device mayreceive the encrypted data structure from an identification service inresponse to transmitting the payload. The identification service mayhave identified the user associated with the payload, such as byobtaining and evaluating one or more digital representations ofbiometrics (which may include determining a liveness of the biometric),and generated the encrypted data structure accordingly. By way ofillustration, the identification service may encrypt a portion of theencrypted data structure using a private encryption key for theidentification service.

The flow may then proceed to operation 340 where the electronic devicestores the encrypted data structure for later verification. Theelectronic device may store the encrypted data structure with thedigital item, associated with the digital item, and so on.

Although the example method 300 is illustrated and described asincluding particular operations performed in a particular order, it isunderstood that this is an example. In various implementations, variousorders of the same, similar, and/or different operations may beperformed without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

For example, the above illustrates and describes the data structure asan encrypted data structure. However, this may not mean that the entiredata structure is encrypted. In various implementations, one or moreportions of the encrypted data structure may be encrypted withoutencrypting the entire data structure. Various configurations arepossible and contemplated without departing from the scope of thepresent disclosure.

In various examples, this example method 300 may be implemented as agroup of interrelated software modules or components that performvarious functions discussed herein. These software modules or componentsmay be executed within a cloud network and/or by one or more computingdevices, such as the computing device 201, the signature requestingservice device 202, and/or the identification service device 203 of FIG.2.

FIG. 4 depicts a flow chart illustrating a second example method 400 fordigital notarization using a biometric identification service. Thismethod 400 may be performed by the systems 100, 200 of FIGS. 1 and/or 2.For example, the method 400 may be performed by an electronic devicelike the identification service device 203 of FIG. 2, though it isunderstood that this is an example.

At operation 410, the electronic device receives a payload forvalidation. The payload may be generated by a signature requestingservice in response to receiving a request to sign a digital item. Theflow may proceed to operation 420 where the electronic device obtains atleast one digital representation of a biometric. For example, theelectronic device may obtain the digital representation of the biometricfrom the biometric reader device of another electronic device. The flowmay then proceed to operation 430 where the electronic device uses thedigital representation of the biometric to identify the identity of aperson.

Next, at operation 440, the electronic device may generate an encrypteddata structure including the payload and at least one identityattestation made using the identity. The flow may then proceed tooperation 450 where the electronic device transmits the encrypted datastructure. For example, the electronic device may transmit the encrypteddata structure to a signature requesting service that provided thepayload.

Although the example method 400 is illustrated and described asincluding particular operations performed in a particular order, it isunderstood that this is an example. In various implementations, variousorders of the same, similar, and/or different operations may beperformed without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

For example, operation 430 is illustrated and described as identifyingan identity of a person using the digital representation of thebiometric. However, it is understood that this is an example. In someimplementations, a person may identify themselves using a login andpassword or other account identifier associated with their identity andthen provide the digital representation of the biometric to verify thatthe person is the account holder associated with the login and password.In various implementations, the electronic device and/or anotherelectronic device may determine a liveness of the biometric before thedigital representation of the biometric is used for identification.Various configurations are possible and contemplated without departingfrom the scope of the present disclosure.

In various examples, this example method 400 may be implemented as agroup of interrelated software modules or components that performvarious functions discussed herein. These software modules or componentsmay be executed within a cloud network and/or by one or more computingdevices, such as the computing device 201, the signature requestingservice device 202, and/or the identification service device 203 of FIG.2.

FIG. 5 depicts a flow chart illustrating a third example method 500 fordigital notarization using a biometric identification service. Thismethod 500 may be performed by the systems 100, 200 of FIGS. 1 and/or 2.For example, the method 500 may be performed by an electronic devicelike the computing device 201 of FIG. 2, though it is understood thatthis is an example.

At operation 510, the electronic device requests to validate a digitalitem. For example, the electronic device may receive a request from auser (such as by a user clicking on a link in a web browser and so on)to validate a digital item via a signature requesting service. Inresponse, the electronic device may transmit the request to thesignature requesting service.

At operation 520, the electronic device may receive a payload forvalidation. The payload may specify the digital item to be validated,the user, and/or other information. The electronic device may receivethe payload from the signature requesting service.

At operation 530, the electronic device may obtain one or more digitalrepresentations of biometrics. For example, the electronic device mayobtain the digital representation of the biometric using one or morebiometric reader devices at operation 530. In some implementations, theelectronic device may also determine a liveness of the biometric.

At operation 540, the electronic device may transmit the payload and thedigital representation of the biometric. For example, the electronicdevice may transmit the payload and the digital representation of thebiometric to an identification service.

At operation 550, the electronic device may receive an encrypted datastructure including the payload and at least one identity attestation.The electronic device may receive the encrypted data structure from theidentification service. The electronic device may receive the encrypteddata structure in response to transmitting the payload and the digitalrepresentation of the biometric.

Alternatively, the data structure may be provided directly to thesignature requesting service and/or another device (which may bedetermined using information in the payload). This may prevent tamperingwith the data structure. In such an example, a confirmation of the datastructure may be sent to the electronic device. In other examples, thedata structure may be provided to the electronic device as well as tothe signature requesting service directly. In such implementations, anotification that the data structure was sent directly to the signaturerequesting service may also be provided to the electronic device.Various configurations are possible and contemplated without departingfrom the scope of the present disclosure.

At 560, the electronic device transmits the encrypted data structure.For example, the electronic device may transmit the encrypted datastructure to the signature requesting service. The electronic device maytransmit the encrypted data structure to the signature requestingservice as a response to the received payload.

Although the example method 500 is illustrated and described asincluding particular operations performed in a particular order, it isunderstood that this is an example. In various implementations, variousorders of the same, similar, and/or different operations may beperformed without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

For example, operations 530-540 illustrate and describe obtaining thebiometric and then transmitting the payload and the digitalrepresentation of the biometric. However, it is understood that this isan example. In some implementations, the electronic device may transmitthe payload to the identification service and then receive a request forthe digital representation of the biometric. In such an implementation,the electronic device may then obtain the digital representation of thebiometric using the biometric reader device. Various configurations arepossible and contemplated without departing from the scope of thepresent disclosure.

In various examples, this example method 500 may be implemented as agroup of interrelated software modules or components that performvarious functions discussed herein. These software modules or componentsmay be executed within a cloud network and/or by one or more computingdevices, such as the computing device 201, the signature requestingservice device 202, and/or the identification service device 203 of FIG.2.

FIG. 6 depicts a flow chart illustrating a fourth example method 600 fordigital notarization using a biometric identification service. Thismethod 600 may be performed by the systems 100, 200 of FIGS. 1 and/or 2.For example, the method 600 may be performed by an electronic devicelike the computing device 201 of FIG. 2, the signature requestingservice device 202 of FIG. 2, and/or the identification service device203 of FIG. 2, though it is understood that this is an example.

At operation 610, the electronic device obtains an encrypted datastructure including a payload and at least one identity attestation. Theelectronic device may obtain the encrypted data structure from anotherelectronic device for the purpose of validation. The encrypted datastructure may be one or more of the encrypted data structures discussedabove with respect to FIGS. 3-5.

At operation 620, the electronic device may decrypt at least a portionof the encrypted data structure. For example, the electronic device mayobtain the public encryption key for the identification service thatgenerated the encrypted data structure. The public encryption key forthe identification service may be associated with the private encryptionkey of the identification service that the identification service usedto encrypt a portion of the encrypted data structure. The electronicdevice may use the public encryption key of the identification serviceto decrypt the portion of the encrypted data structure that theidentification service encrypted using the private encryption key forthe identification service.

At operation 630, after decryption of at least the portion of theencrypted data structure, the electronic device extracts the payload andthe identity attestation.

At operation 640, after extraction of the payload and the identityattestation, the electronic device may use the payload and identityattestation to verify the validation. The electronic device may verifythe validation of a signature for a digital item associated with theencrypted data structure. The electronic device may also verify theidentity of the person who signed, the fact that the person was presentand cooperating at the time of signature, payload information related tothe digital item signed, liveness information of one or more digitalrepresentations of biometrics involved in signing, identity informationincluded in the encrypted data structure, and/or other informationrelated to the encrypted data structure and/or the digital item. In someimplementations, verification may involve comparing various informationextracted from the encrypted data structure, such as comparing a hashvalue of the payload generated by the identification service andincluded in the encrypted data structure to an original copy of thepayload also included in the encrypted data structure.

Although the example method 600 is illustrated and described asincluding particular operations performed in a particular order, it isunderstood that this is an example. In various implementations, variousorders of the same, similar, and/or different operations may beperformed without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

For example, operations 630-640 describe decryption and extraction as asingle set of linearly performed operations. However, in someimplementations, the encrypted data structure may include multipledifferent encrypted portions and/or portions that may be encrypted morethan one time. In such implementations, decryption and extraction of thepayload and identity attestation may be a multiple step process withoutdeparting from the scope of the present disclosure.

In various examples, this example method 600 may be implemented as agroup of interrelated software modules or components that performvarious functions discussed herein. These software modules or componentsmay be executed within a cloud network and/or by one or more computingdevices, such as the computing device 201, the signature requestingservice device 202, and/or the identification service device 203 of FIG.2.

FIG. 2 illustrates the system 200 as involving separate devices thateach perform distinct functions. However, in some examples, thecomputing device 201 may include a number of software modules thatcommunicate with the signature requesting service device 202 and/or theidentification service device 203 as part of performing some or all ofthe functions attributed to the signature requesting service and/or theidentification service.

For example, FIG. 7 depicts an example software module configuration 700that may be used to implement the system 200 of FIG. 2. As shown, thecomputing device 201 may execute software instructions to implement andexecute an operating system 730 as well as a signature requestingservice module 731 and/or an identification service module 732. Thecomputing device 201 may use the signature requesting service module 731to perform various signature requesting service functions, such ascommunicating with the signature requesting service device 202.Similarly, the computing device 201 may use the identification servicemodule 732 to perform various signature requesting service functions,such as communicating with the identification service device 203.

For example, the operating system 730 may handle receiving input from auser and/or providing output to the user via one or more input/outputcomponents. The operating system 730 may pass signature requestingservice input to the signature requesting service module 731 and/orreceive signature requesting service output from the signaturerequesting service module 731. Similarly, the operating system 730 maypass identification service input to the identification service module732 and/or receive identification service output from the identificationservice module 732. Likewise, the signature requesting service module731 may exchange signature requesting service input/output to and/orfrom the signature requesting service device 202 and/or theidentification service module 732 may exchange identification serviceinput/output to and/or from the identification service device 203. Thesignature requesting service module 731 and the identification servicemodule 732 may also communicate directly with each other.

In this way, the computing device 201 may perform some or all of thefunctions described above with respect to the signature requestingservice or signature requesting service device 202 and/or theidentification service or identification service device 203. At the sametime, this may still isolate functions and/or data between the operatingsystem 730, the signature requesting service module 731, and/or theidentification service module 732 as if the functions were performed byand/or the data resided on different devices.

For example, the signature requesting service module 731 may receiveinformation from the signature requesting service device 202 regardingpresentation of an option to sign a digital item. The signaturerequesting service module 731 may pass this information to the operatingsystem 730, which may output the information and/or receive a request tosign the digital item. The operating system 730 may pass the receivedrequest to the signature requesting service module 731, which may thengenerate a payload associated with the digital item and/or receive thepayload from the signature requesting service device 202. The signaturerequesting service module 731 may communicate the payload to theidentification service module 732, which may then communicate with theoperating system 730 to obtain one or more digital representations ofbiometrics, liveness determinations of such biometrics, and so on. Theidentification service module 732 may communicate with theidentification service device 203 (such as by transmitting the payloadand/or digital representation of the biometric and/or the livenessdetermination) to identify an identity of the person associated with thedigital representation of the biometric, generate and/or receive anencrypted data structure that includes the payload and one or moreattestations based on the identity, and so on. The identificationservice module 732 may pass the encrypted data structure to thesignature requesting service module 731, which may store the encrypteddata structure and/or transmit the encrypted data structure to thesignature requesting service device 202 for storage.

However, it is understood that this is an example. In someimplementations, one or more functions attributed to the signaturerequesting service module 731 and/or the identification service module732 may be otherwise implemented. For example, in some implementations,the computing device 201 may implement a web browser that is operable toaccess functionality performed by the signature requesting servicedevice 202, the identification service device 203, and/or other devices.Various configurations are possible and contemplated without departingform the scope of the present disclosure.

In some examples, the computing device 201 may be used to providepayment, such as where the computing device 201 is integrated intoand/or functions as a payment station. For example, such a paymentstation may be and/or function as a fast food payment station at a fastfood establishment. In such an example, the fast food payment stationmay be operable to communicate with the identification service device203 to obtain and/or process payment details stored for an identityassociated with a digital representation of a biometric and notarizethat such payment details have been obtained and/or processed.Alternatively, the fast food payment station may process payment, suchas a credit card, and the payment station may interact with theidentification service device 203 to notarize that a digitalrepresentation of a biometric is associated with an authorized user ofthe credit card.

In other examples, the computing device 201 may be a computing deviceused to access the Internet. In such examples, the computing device 201may communicate with the identification service device 203 to notarizeonline transactions using digital representation of biometrics. Forexample, the computing device 201 may communicate with theidentification service device 203 to verify that an identity associatedwith a received digital representation of a biometric corresponds to anauthorized user of a credit card used in an online transaction.

In still other examples, the computing device 201 may function to sendcommunications, such email. In such examples, the computing device 201may communicate with the identification service device 203 to notarizethat emails came from a particular sender using a digital representationof a biometric. This may function as a signet and prevent possibleidentity fraud, such as where email abusers pretend to be a president ofa company to convince employees to perform unauthorized actions. Suchnotarization may be performed automatically when emails are sent. Therecipient may then use the notarizations to verify that the sender iscorrect. In some examples, recipient systems may be configured toautomatically use the notarizations to verify senders, display errormessages (such as the lack of a notarization), and so on. Variousconfigurations are possible and contemplated without departing from thescope of the present disclosure.

FIG. 8 depicts an example attestation request 840 that may be used inthe systems 100, 200 of FIGS. 1 and/or 2 and/or one or more of themethods 300-600 of FIGS. 3-6. As shown on the fourth line within theattestation request 840, the attestation request 840 may include anidentifier for the digital item to be signed, a name of the person whopurports to be doing the signing, and/or various other metadataregarding the attestation request, the digital item, the person, and soon. In this example, this information may be encrypted using a symmetricencryption key (such as an advanced encryption standard or AES symmetricencryption key). The symmetric encryption key may be included, as shownon the third line within the attestation request 840, and may beencrypted using a private encryption key for the signature requestingservice. The attestation request may also include a public certificatefor the signature requesting service, as shown on the first and secondlines of the attestation request 840. This may identify the signaturerequesting service as well as identify a public encryption key for thesignature requesting service and/or how the public encryption key can belocated.

Thus, in order to decrypt the information included in the attestationrequest, the public certificate for the signature requesting service maybe used to obtain the public encryption key for the signature requestingservice. The public encryption key for the signature requesting servicemay be used to decrypt the symmetric encryption key. The decryptedsymmetric encryption key may then be used to decrypt the encryptedinformation stored in the attestation request.

FIG. 9 depicts an example data structure 950 that may be used in thesystems 100, 200 of FIGS. 1 and/or 2 and/or one or more of the methods300-600 of FIGS. 3-6. As shown, the data structure 950 may function asan identity service notarization that includes at least one identityattestation message. As illustrated on the second and third lines withinthe data structure 950, the identity attestation message may include anattestation identifier (which may be generated by the identificationservice), identification information (which may be configurable), a hashof the binary attestation request payload (such as a hash of payload ofthe attestation request 840 of FIG. 8), and so on. The identityattestation message may be encrypted using a symmetric encryption key.The symmetric encryption key may be included in the identity servicenotarization, as shown on the second line within the data structure 950,and may be encrypted using a private encryption key for theidentification service. The identity service notarization may alsoinclude a public certificate for the identification service, as shown onthe first line of the data structure 950. This may identify thesignature requesting service as well as identify a public encryption keyfor the identification service and/or how the public encryption key canbe located. The identity service notarization may also include metadata,as shown on the sixth line of the data structure 950, such as algorithminformation regarding the procedure used to generate the hash of thebinary attestation request payload, one or more timestamps, and so on.As shown on the fifth line of the data structure 950, the identityservice notarization may also include an unchanged copy of theassociated attestation request, such as the attestation request 840 ofFIG. 8.

Thus, in order to decrypt the information included in the identityservice notarization, the public certificate for the identificationservice may be used to obtain the public encryption key for theidentification service. The public encryption key for the identificationservice may be used to decrypt the symmetric encryption key. Thedecrypted symmetric encryption key may then be used to decrypt theencrypted information stored in the identity attestation message.

The identification information may include a variety of differentinformation associated with the identity. This may include one or morenames, addresses, social security numbers or other identifiers, afidelity level of the identification, a liveness determination for oneor more biometrics involved in identification, and so on. As mentionedabove, the identification information may be configurable. Theidentification service may be operable to include different identityinformation based on one or more requests specified in the attestationrequest by the signature requesting service. The identification servicemay be operable to include different identity information based on inputfrom the person being identified, such as in response to inquiries fromthe identification service whether or not to include such information,defaults or profile settings associated with the identity, and so on.

In various implementations, a system for digital notarization using abiometric identification service may include at least one non-transitorystorage medium that stores instructions, a biometric reader device, acommunication unit, and at least one processor communicably coupled tothe biometric reader device and the communication unit. The at least oneprocessor may execute the instructions to receive a payload from asignature requesting service using the communication unit, the payloadidentifying a digital item to validate with a signature; obtain at leastone digital representation of a biometric using the biometric readerdevice; receive a data structure from an identification service usingthe communication unit, the data structure including the payload and anidentity attestation generated using the at least one digitalrepresentation of the biometric, at least a portion of the datastructure is encrypted using a private encryption key of theidentification service; and transmit the data structure to the signaturerequesting service using the communication unit.

In some examples, the identity attestation may include a livenessdetermination related to the at least one digital representation of thebiometric. In various implementations of such examples, the at least oneprocessor may generate the liveness determination by analyzing the atleast one digital representation of the biometric or least oneadditional digital representation of a biometric (such as a fingerprintimage captured while a sequence of fingerprint images are analyzed toverify natural movement is occurring, a facial image captured while irisdilation response to changing colored lights is monitored, and so on)and transmit the liveness determination to the identification serviceusing the communication unit along with the payload and the at least onedigital representation of the biometric.

In various examples, the at least one processor may implement asignature requesting service module that performs processing to receivethe payload and transmit the data structure and an identification systemmodule that obtains the at least one digital representation of thebiometric and receives the data structure. In some implementations ofsuch examples, the signature requesting service module and theidentification system module may communicate to exchange the payload andthe data structure.

In some examples, the at least one processor may instruct theidentification service regarding which of a set of identity informationto include in the identity attestation. In various examples, the atleast one processor may instruct the identification service regarding anidentity fidelity level to use in generating the identity attestation.

In some implementations, a system for digital notarization using abiometric identification service may include at least one non-transitorystorage medium that stores instructions, a communication unit, and atleast one processor communicably coupled to the communication unit. Theat least one processor may execute the instructions to receive a payloadfrom the signature requesting service using the communication unit, thepayload identifying a digital item to validate with a signature; obtainat least one digital representation of a biometric; determine a livenessof the at least one digital representation of the biometric; determinean identity using the at least one digital representation of thebiometric; generate an identity attestation using the identity and theliveness; generate a data structure that includes the payload and theidentity attestation; encrypt at least a portion of the data structureusing an identification service private encryption key; and transmit thedata structure to the signature requesting service using thecommunication unit.

In various examples, the at least one processor may encrypt the identityattestation in the data structure using a symmetric identity attestationencryption key, generate an encrypted version of the symmetric identityattestation encryption key using the identification service privateencryption key, and include the encrypted version of the symmetricidentity attestation encryption key in the data structure. In someexamples, the at least one processor may generate a hash of the payloadand include the hash of the payload in the identity attestation. Invarious examples of such implementations, the data structure may includethe payload, the hash of the payload in the identity attestation, andinformation regarding a procedure used to generate the hash of thepayload.

In some examples, the at least one processor may determine the identityaccording to an identity fidelity level specified in the payload. Incertain examples of such implementations, the at least one processor mayinclude the identity fidelity level in the identity attestation.

In various examples, the at least one processor may include a set ofidentity information in the identity attestation as specified by aperson associated with the identity. In some examples, the at least oneprocessor may determine the identity by comparing the at least onedigital representation of the biometric to stored biometric data whereinthe stored biometric data is associated with the identity. In certainexamples, the at least one processor may determine the identity byverifying access to an account wherein the account is associated withthe identity and validating that the at least one digital representationof the biometric matches biometric data stored for the identity.

In various implementations, a system for digital notarization using abiometric identification service may include at least one non-transitorystorage medium that stores instructions, a communication unit, and atleast one processor communicably coupled to the communication unit. Theat least one processor may execute the instructions to determine tovalidate a digital item with a signature; generate a payload thatidentifies the digital item to validate; transmit the payload to anidentification service using the communication unit; receive a datastructure from the identification service using the communication unit,the data structure including the payload and an identity attestationgenerated using at least one digital representation of the biometric, atleast a portion of the data structure encrypted using a privateencryption key of the identification service; and store the datastructure associated with the digital item in the at least onenon-transitory storage medium.

In some examples, the at least one processor may use a public encryptionkey of the identification service to decrypt the portion of the datastructure, extract the payload and the identity attestation from thedata structure, and use the payload and the identity attestation toverify validation of the digital item. In various examples, the at leastone processor may identify a person for the signature in the payload. Incertain examples, the at least one processor may include in the payloadat least one of an identity fidelity level to use in generating theidentity attestation or a set of identity information to include in theidentity attestation.

FIG. 10 depicts a flow chart illustrating a fifth example method 1000for digital notarization using a biometric identification service. Thismethod 1000 may be performed by the systems 100, 200, of FIGS. 1, 2,and/or 7. For example, the method 1000 may be performed by an electronicdevice like the computing device 201 of FIG. 7, though it is understoodthat this is an example.

At operation 1010, the electronic device may receive a payload forvalidation of a signature. At operation 1020, the electronic device mayobtain a digital representation of a biometric. The flow may thenproceed to operation 1030 where the electronic device may determine aliveness of the biometric. If the biometric is live, the flow mayproceed to operation 1050. Otherwise, the flow may proceed to operation1040 where the electronic device may output an error.

The electronic device may determine liveness of a biometric in a numberof different ways. For example, the electronic device may be a mobilephone with a rear facing camera that uses technology similar to thatoffered by Veridium®. When the rear facing camera detects the fourfingers on one of a user's hand, the electronic device may activate alight emitting diode flash associated with the rear facing camera. Therear facing camera may capture an image of the fingerprints of the fourfingers via the light from the light emitting diode flash reflected fromthe four fingers. The electronic device may also evaluate data from therear facing camera during capture to ensure that the fingers are movingin such a way that demonstrates that the image is captured from actualpresent fingers of a live person as opposed to a photograph or otherfake situation. In another example, a facial image may be recorded whilevarious colored lights are emitted and iris dilation in response to thecolored lights is monitored. In yet another example, a heart rhythm orother biological information may be monitored during biometriccollection to ensure that a live person is providing the biometric.

In other examples, other mechanisms may be used to detect liveness of abiometric. For example, temperature sensors, conductivity sensors,and/or other sensors may be included with a fingerprint scanner. Suchsensors may be used to detect the presence of a live finger duringcapture of a fingerprint. In still other examples, a camera may monitorcapture of the biometric and images from the camera may be analyzed toensure that the biometric was provided by a living person without anyfraud (such as use of a first camera to ensure that a person scanninghis face with a second camera does not hold the second camera up toanother person, to a picture, and so on).

At operation 1050, after it is determined that the biometric is live,the electronic device may determine whether or not an identity of aperson can be determined using the digital representation of thebiometric. If so, the flow may proceed to operation 1060. Otherwise, theflow may proceed to operation 1040 where the electronic device mayoutput an error.

At operation 1060, after the electronic device determines the identity,the electronic device may generate an encrypted data structure using theidentity and the payload. The flow may then proceed to operation 1070where the electronic device may transmit the encrypted data structure.For example, the electronic device may transmit the encrypted datastructure to a device from which the electronic device received thepayload. In some examples, the electronic device may transmit theencrypted data structure to the device via an intermediate device.

Although the example method 1000 is illustrated and described asincluding particular operations performed in a particular order, it isunderstood that this is an example. In various implementations, variousorders of the same, similar, and/or different operations may beperformed without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

For example, the method 1000 illustrates and describes using the digitalrepresentation of the biometric to determine the identity. However, itis understood that this is an example. In some implementations, theelectronic device may determine the identity using a login to an accountassociated with the identity. However, login to the account may not havea sufficient fidelity level for identification as specified in thepayload. In such an example, the digital representation of the biometricmay be matched against biometric data associated with the identity inorder to increase the fidelity level of the identification. This mayallow use of certain kinds of biometrics, such as facial image, toconfirm determined identity whereas such biometrics may be less reliableand/or too computationally intensive for pure identification comparingagainst all stored biometric data rather than a specific set associatedwith a specific identity.

By way of another example, a person may provide a name and/or otherinformation associated with an identity rather than and/or in additionto providing a login to an account. Such a name and/or other informationthat would be known to someone corresponding to the identity may be usedto perform an initial identification that may then be supplemented bymatching a digital representation of a biometric obtained from theperson to stored biometric data associated with the identity to increasethe fidelity level of the identification. Various configurations arepossible and contemplated without departing from the scope of thepresent disclosure.

In various examples, this example method 1000 may be implemented as agroup of interrelated software modules or components that performvarious functions discussed herein. These software modules or componentsmay be executed within a cloud network and/or by one or more computingdevices, such as the computing device 201, the signature requestingservice device 202, and/or the identification service device 203 of FIG.2.

FIG. 11 depicts a flow chart illustrating a sixth example method 1100for digital notarization using a biometric identification service. Thismethod 1100 may be performed by the systems 100, 200, of FIGS. 1, 2,and/or 7. For example, the method 1100 may be performed by an electronicdevice like the computing device 201 of FIG. 7, though it is understoodthat this is an example.

At operation 1110, the electronic device receives a payload forvalidation. At operation 1120, the electronic device identifies anaccount associated with an identity. For example, the electronic devicemay identify the account based on a previous and/or current accountlogin.

The flow then may proceed to operation 1130 where the electronic devicemay obtain a biometric. The digital representation of the biometric maybe matched against biometric data associated with the account to confirmthe account and digital representation of the biometric. Next the flowmay proceed to operation 1140 where the electronic device determineswhether or not the biometric used to confirm the identity associatedwith the account is live. If so, the flow may proceed to operation 1160.Otherwise the flow may proceed to operation 1150 where the electronicdevice may output an error.

At operation 1160, after the electronic device determines the biometricused to confirm the identity associated with the account is live, theelectronic device may generate an encrypted data structure. The flow maythen proceed to operation 1170 where the electronic device may transmitthe encrypted data structure.

Although the example method 1100 is illustrated and described asincluding particular operations performed in a particular order, it isunderstood that this is an example. In various implementations, variousorders of the same, similar, and/or different operations may beperformed without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

For example, in some implementations, the electronic device maydetermine at operation 1120 that an account associated with an identitycannot be identified. If so, the flow may proceed to operation 1150 andthe electronic device may output an error.

In various examples, this example method 1100 may be implemented as agroup of interrelated software modules or components that performvarious functions discussed herein. These software modules or componentsmay be executed within a cloud network and/or by one or more computingdevices, such as the computing device 201, the signature requestingservice device 202, and/or the identification service device 203 of FIG.2.

FIG. 12 depicts a flow chart illustrating a seventh example method 1200for digital notarization using a biometric identification service. Thismethod 1200 may be performed by the systems 100, 200, of FIGS. 1, 2,and/or 7. For example, the method 1200 may be performed by an electronicdevice like the computing device 201 of FIG. 7, though it is understoodthat this is an example.

At operation 1210, the electronic device may receive a payload forvalidation. At operation 1220, the electronic device may determine anidentity fidelity level to use for the payload (such as 80% certain or90% certain, identification only, identification and liveness ofbiometrics used in identification, and so on). For example, the payloadmay specify the identity fidelity level. By way of another example, theidentity fidelity level may be specified in settings associated with theidentity and/or based on user input. In yet another example, theelectronic device may use different identity fidelity levels fordifferent payload requestors. By way of another example, the electronicdevice may determine an identity fidelity level based on a payload type(such as where a higher fidelity level is used for validating realestate transactions than validating checkout of a library book). Variousconfigurations are possible and contemplated without departing from thescope of the present disclosure.

The flow may proceed to operation 1230 where the electronic device mayobtain a digital representation of at least one biometric. Next, theflow may proceed to operation 1240 where the electronic device maydetermine whether or not identity can be determined at the determinedidentity fidelity level. The identity determination may use the digitalrepresentation of the biometric. If identity cannot be determined at thedetermined identity fidelity level, the flow may proceed to operation1250 where the electronic device may output an error. Otherwise, theflow may proceed to operation 1260.

At operation 1260, after the electronic device determines that identitycan be determined at the determined identity fidelity level, theelectronic device may transmit an associated encrypted data structure.The encrypted data structure may include the payload, one or moreidentity attestations, the fidelity level, and so on.

Although the example method 1200 is illustrated and described asincluding particular operations performed in a particular order, it isunderstood that this is an example. In various implementations, variousorders of the same, similar, and/or different operations may beperformed without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

For example, the method 1200 is illustrated and described as determiningwhether or not identity can be determined at the determined identityfidelity level after the digital representation of the biometric isobtained. However, in some implementations, the electronic device may beable to determine that identity cannot be determined at the determinedidentity fidelity level prior to obtaining the digital representation ofthe biometric. In such an example, the operation of obtaining thedigital representation of the biometric may be omitted. In otherexamples, the electronic device may dynamically change the type and/ornumber of digital representations of biometrics collected and/orevaluated in order to meet the determined identity level. Variousconfigurations are possible and contemplated without departing from thescope of the present disclosure.

In various examples, this example method 1200 may be implemented as agroup of interrelated software modules or components that performvarious functions discussed herein. These software modules or componentsmay be executed within a cloud network and/or by one or more computingdevices, such as the computing device 201, the signature requestingservice device 202, and/or the identification service device 203 of FIG.2.

FIG. 13 depicts a flow chart illustrating an eighth example method 1300for digital notarization using a biometric identification service. Thismethod 1300 may be performed by the systems 100, 200, of FIGS. 1, 2,and/or 7. For example, the method 1300 may be performed by an electronicdevice like the computing device 201 of FIG. 7, though it is understoodthat this is an example.

At operation 1310, the electronic device may receive a payload forvalidation. At operation 1320, the electronic device may obtain adigital representation of a biometric. At operation 1330, the electronicdevice may determine whether or not an identity can be determined, whichmay use the digital representation of the biometric. If not, the flowmay proceed to operation 1340 where the electronic device may output anerror. Otherwise, the flow may proceed to operation 1350.

At operation 1350, after the electronic device determines that anidentity can be determined, the electronic device may determine identityinformation to include in an encrypted data structure. The electronicdevice may determine to include a variety of different informationassociated with the identity. This may include one or more names,addresses, social security numbers or other identifiers, a fidelitylevel of the identification, a liveness determination for one or morebiometrics involved in identification, and so on. The electronic devicemay determine to include different identity information based on one ormore requests specified in the payload. The electronic device maydetermine to include different identity information based on input fromthe person being identified, such as in response to inquiries from theelectronic device whether or not to include such information, defaultsor profile settings associated with the identity, and so on.

Next, the flow may proceed to operation 1360 where the electronic devicemay transmit an associated encrypted data structure. The encrypted datastructure may include the payload, one or more identity attestations,the determined identity information, and so on.

Although the example method 1300 is illustrated and described asincluding particular operations performed in a particular order, it isunderstood that this is an example. In various implementations, variousorders of the same, similar, and/or different operations may beperformed without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

For example, operations 1330-1350 illustrate and describe determiningthe identity before determining the identity information to include.However, it is understood that this is an example. In someimplementations, a user may provide input regarding the identityinformation that may be included. In such an implementation, this inputmay be evaluated to determine the identity information to include priorto determining an identity for the user. Various configurations arepossible and contemplated without departing from the scope of thepresent disclosure.

In various examples, this example method 1300 may be implemented as agroup of interrelated software modules or components that performvarious functions discussed herein. These software modules or componentsmay be executed within a cloud network and/or by one or more computingdevices, such as the computing device 201, the signature requestingservice device 202, and/or the identification service device 203 of FIG.2.

FIG. 14 depicts a flow chart illustrating a ninth example method 1400for digital notarization using a biometric identification service. Thismethod 1400 may be performed by the systems 100, 200, of FIGS. 1, 2,and/or 7. For example, the method 1400 may be performed by an electronicdevice like the signature requesting service device 202 of FIG. 2,though it is understood that this is an example.

At operation 1410, the electronic device may present an electronicmortgage application. At operation 1420, the electronic device mayreceive a request to sign and notarize the electronic mortgageapplication using an identity service. At operation 1430, the electronicdevice may transmit a payload for signing and notarizing the electronicmortgage application. The electronic device may transmit the payload tothe identification service. In some examples, the electronic device maytransmit the payload to the identification service via an intermediatedevice.

At operation 1440, the electronic device may receive an encrypted datastructure. The encrypted data structure may include a payload, identityand liveness attestations, and identity information. The electronicdevice may receive the encrypted data structure in response totransmitting the payload. At operation 1450, the electronic device maystore the encrypted data structure.

Although the example method 1400 is illustrated and described asincluding particular operations performed in a particular order, it isunderstood that this is an example. In various implementations, variousorders of the same, similar, and/or different operations may beperformed without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

For example, the method 1400 is illustrated and described as signing andnotarizing an electronic mortgage application. However, it is understoodthat this is an example. In various implementations, any digital itemmay be signed and notarized without departing from the scope of thepresent disclosure.

In various examples, this example method 1400 may be implemented as agroup of interrelated software modules or components that performvarious functions discussed herein. These software modules or componentsmay be executed within a cloud network and/or by one or more computingdevices, such as the computing device 201, the signature requestingservice device 202, and/or the identification service device 203 of FIG.2.

FIG. 15 depicts a flow chart illustrating a tenth example method 1500for digital notarization using a biometric identification service. Thismethod 1500 may be performed by the systems 100, 200, of FIGS. 1, 2,and/or 7. For example, the method 1500 may be performed by an electronicdevice like the identification service device 203 of FIG. 2, though itis understood that this is an example.

At operation 1510, the electronic device may receive a payload forsigning and notarizing an electronic mortgage application. The flow mayproceed to operation 1520 where the electronic device may obtain one ormore digital representations of biometrics. Next, the flow may proceedto operation 1530.

At operation 1530, the electronic device may determine whether or notthe biometric is live. If not, the flow may proceed to operation 1540and the electronic device may output an error. Otherwise, the flow mayproceed to operation 1550.

At operation 1550, the electronic device may determine whether or not anidentity associated with the digital representation of the biometric canbe identified. If not, the flow may proceed to operation 1540 and theelectronic device may output an error. Otherwise, the flow may proceedto operation 1560.

At operation 1560, after the electronic device determines an identityassociated with the digital representation of the biometric, theelectronic device may return an encrypted data structure. The encrypteddata structure may be generated using the identity and the payload forsigning and notarizing the electronic mortgage application.

Although the example method 1500 is illustrated and described asincluding particular operations performed in a particular order, it isunderstood that this is an example. In various implementations, variousorders of the same, similar, and/or different operations may beperformed without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

For example, the method 1500 is illustrated and described as providingan encrypted data structure to sign and notarize an electronic mortgageapplication. However, it is understood that this is an example. Invarious implementations, an encrypted data structure may be provided tosign and notarize any digital item without departing from the scope ofthe present disclosure.

In various examples, this example method 1500 may be implemented as agroup of interrelated software modules or components that performvarious functions discussed herein. These software modules or componentsmay be executed within a cloud network and/or by one or more computingdevices, such as the computing device 201, the signature requestingservice device 202, and/or the identification service device 203 of FIG.2.

In various implementations, the signing and notarization discussedherein with respect to encrypted data structures may be used inblockchain networks. The encrypted data structures may be particularlyuseful in the public ledger context of such a network, particularly inimplementations where any node can join the blockchain network, as theencrypted data structures may be self-proving and self-authenticating.

For example, FIG. 16 depicts a flow chart illustrating an eleventhexample method 1600 for digital notarization using a biometricidentification service. This method 1600 may be performed by the systems100, 200, of FIGS. 1, 2, and/or 7. For example, the method 1600 may beperformed by an electronic device acting as a blockchain network nodelike the signature requesting service device 202 of FIG. 2, though it isunderstood that this is an example.

At operation 1610, the electronic device transmits a payload for signingand notarizing a transaction in a blockchain network. The flow may thenproceed to operation 1620 where the electronic device receives anencrypted data structure for the transaction including the payload andat least one identity attestation. Next, the flow may proceed tooperation 1630 where the electronic device may store data for thetransaction and the encrypted data structure in the blockchain.

Although the example method 1600 is illustrated and described asincluding particular operations performed in a particular order, it isunderstood that this is an example. In various implementations, variousorders of the same, similar, and/or different operations may beperformed without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

For example, the method 1600 assumes that the encrypted data structureis received. However, in some examples, an encrypted data structure maynot be received when a payload is transmitted. In some implementationsof such an example, the electronic device may respond to failure toreceive the encrypted data structure by refusing the transaction. Inother implementations, the electronic device may note that the encrypteddata structure was not received. Various configurations are possible andcontemplated without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

In various examples, this example method 1600 may be implemented as agroup of interrelated software modules or components that performvarious functions discussed herein. These software modules or componentsmay be executed within a cloud network and/or by one or more computingdevices, such as the computing device 201, the signature requestingservice device 202, and/or the identification service device 203 of FIG.2.

Returning to FIG. 2, in various implementations, the system 200 may beused for validating pharmaceutical transactions. For example, people maypurchase pharmaceutical products from abroad. Some such purchases maylegally require a prescription from a doctor. As such, pharmaceuticalsale companies abroad may desire or require proof of such a prescriptionto complete a sale and/or before shipping. Alternatively and/oradditionally, shippers and/or customs and/or border agents may desire orrequire proof of such a prescription prior to taking such productsand/or allowing such products across a border.

By way of illustration, the signature requesting service device 202 maybe part of a prescription verification system and may generate a payloadfor a prescription to be validated by a doctor. The payload may includeinformation identifying the prescription, the person for whom theprescription is generated, the seller of a product related to theprescription, the doctor, and/or any other information related to theprescription. The identification service device 203 may receive thepayload (such as from the signature requesting system device 202, thecomputing device 202 operated by the doctor, another computing deviceoperated by the person for whom the prescription is generated, and soon). The identification service device 203 may receive at least onedigital representation of a biometric and/or other identificationinformation that may be used to determine an identity associated withthe doctor from the computing device 201 (such as transmitting a requestto the computing device 201, receiving a request unsolicited form thecomputing device 201, and so on). The identification service device 203may determine the identity associated with the doctor using the at leastone digital representation of a biometric and/or other identificationinformation and generate a data structure. The data structure mayinclude the payload and/or one or more attestations (such as a name ofthe doctor, an authorization and/or registration number for the doctorthat allows the doctor to issue the prescription, payment and/orinsurance benefit information for the prescription, and so on). Theidentification service device 203 may encrypt at least a portion of thedata structure using a private key of the identification service andthen provide the data structure (such as to the signature requestingservice device 202, the computing device 201, the person for whom theprescription is generated, and so on).

The data structure may then be used to verify that the prescription isvalid. In various implementations, the data structure may be includedwith a record of a purchase related to the prescription, provided to aseller in order to authorize the purchase, provided to a shipper toauthorize transport of the purchase, provided to a customs and/or borderagent to establish authorization for allowing the purchase across aborder, provided to the person for whom the prescription is generated toprove authorization to possess the purchase after receipt and/or claimthe purchase, and so on.

Although the above describes a particular sequence of interactionsbetween devices and/or entities, it is understood that this is anexample. Various configurations are possible and contemplated withoutdeparting from the scope of the present disclosure. For example, invarious implementations, such a process may be initiated by a doctorentering a prescription for a person, by a person initiating aprescription product purchase, by the seller of a prescription, by aninsurance company providing prescription product benefits, and so on.

In another example, such data structures may be used in the context ofan insurance/pharmacy infrastructure. The pharmacy may receive the datastructures to validate medication sales. An insurance provider mayprovide payment to the pharmacy for medications sold, but may requestverification of sales. The pharmacy may provide the data structuresand/or aggregated information about the data structures to verify thatthe sales occurred. In some examples, the insurance provider may decryptand/or analyze various portions of the data structures (whetherutilizing an associated identification service device 203 or otherwise)to verify data regarding the sales, such as the medications, the namesof purchasers, insurance information, prescribing doctor, and so on.

In some implementations, the system 200 may be used to validate paymentsin electronic transactions. For example, the signature requesting device202 may be operated by an electronic transaction service, such as anonline retailer. The electronic transaction service may have receivedpayment details for a transaction, such as a credit card number and/orexpiration date, three digit authorization code, billing name, billingaddress, and so on. The signature requesting service device 202 maygenerate a payload to validate the payment details. The payload mayinclude information identifying the payment details (such as a creditcard number and/or expiration date, three digit authorization code,billing name, billing address, and so on), the transaction, the personassociated with authorizing the payment with the payment details, theelectronic transaction service, and so on. The identification servicedevice 203 may receive the payload (such as from the signaturerequesting system device 202, the computing device 202 operated by thepayee, and so on). The identification service device 203 may receive atleast one digital representation of a biometric and/or otheridentification information that may be used to determine an identityassociated with the person associated with authorizing the payment withthe payment details from the computing device 201 (such as transmittinga request to the computing device 201, receiving a request unsolicitedform the computing device 201, and so on). The identification servicedevice 203 may determine the identity associated with the paymentdetails using the at least one digital representation of a biometricand/or other identification information and generate a data structure.The data structure may include the payload and/or one or moreattestations (such as a name of the person associated with authorizingthe payment with the payment details, an authorization for payment, theresults of various checks that the person associated with authorizingthe payment with the payment details authorized the payment details, andso on). The identification service device 203 may encrypt at least aportion of the data structure using a private key of the identificationservice and then provide the data structure (such as to the signaturerequesting service device 202, the computing device 201, the payee, andso on). The data structure may then be provided to the electronictransaction service to validate the transaction and/or that use of thepayment details was authorized.

The attestations may include multi-factor authentication of the use ofthe payment details. For example, the attestations may include averification of the payment details and/or other confirming informationknown to a person authorized to use the payment details (such aspasswords, social security numbers, billing addresses, mother's maidenname, security questions, and so on). This is a “something you know”type of authentication. The attestations may also include a verificationof the digital representation of the biometric, which is a “somethingyou are” or “something you have” type of authentication. In someimplementations, the attestations may include a verification that amessage was transmitted to the computing device 201 (which may be amobile phone or other device registered as in the possession of theperson authorized to use the payment details) and acknowledgedconfirming authorized use of the payment details, which is anotherexample of a “something you have” type of authentication. In otherimplementations, the attestations may include a verification that atoken, code, or other verification issued by an authorization device(such as a security fob that outputs verification codes, a universalserial bus security token issuing device, and so on) known to be in thepossession of the person authorized to use the payment details, which isanother example of a “something you have” type of authentication.Various configurations are possible and contemplated without departingfrom the scope of the present disclosure. Regardless, variousmulti-factor authentication verifications may be included in theattestations such that the data structure may verify to various highdegrees of reliability that use of the payment details for thetransaction was validated by the person authorized to use the paymentdetails.

In some implementations, the payment details may be included in thepayload and used by the identity service device 203 for determiningauthorization in generating the data structure. In otherimplementations, the payment details may be associated with the identityand thus accessible to the identity service device 203 without thepayload. In such an implementation, the payment details may be omittedfrom the payload and/or included in an abbreviated, hashed, and/orotherwise encrypted and/or obscured form. In examples where the payloadinclude an abbreviated, hashed, and/or otherwise encrypted and/orobscured form of the payment details, the identity service device 203may compare such an abbreviated, hashed, and/or otherwise encryptedand/or obscured form payment details against payment details associatedwith the identity to verify that payload is for payment detailsassociated with the identity. Various configurations are possible andcontemplated without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

As described above and illustrated in the accompanying figures, thepresent disclosure relates to digital notarization using a biometricidentification service. A signature requesting service may receive arequest to validate a digital item with a signature for a person. Thesignature requesting service may provide a payload that identifies thedigital item and/or the person to an identity service. The identityservice may obtain one or more digital representations of biometrics forthe person, determine an identity for the person, and return a datastructure including the payload and one or more identity attestationsregarding the determined identity. The identity service encrypts atleast a portion of the data structure using a private encryption key. Apublic encryption key for the identity service can then be used todecrypt the portion to verify that the data structure was generated bythe identity service after determining the identity. In this way, thevalidation can be verified to the full trust level of the identificationservice.

The present disclosure recognizes that biometric and/or other personaldata is owned by the person from whom such biometric and/or otherpersonal data is derived. This data can be used to the benefit of thosepeople. For example, biometric data may be used to conveniently andreliably identify and/or authenticate the identity of people, accesssecurely stored financial and/or other information associated with thebiometric data, and so on. This may allow people to avoid repeatedlyproviding physical identification and/or other information.

The present disclosure further recognizes that the entities who collect,analyze, store, and/or otherwise use such biometric and and/or otherpersonal data should comply with well-established privacy policiesand/or privacy practices. Particularly, such entities should implementand consistently use privacy policies and practices that are generallyrecognized as meeting or exceeding industry or governmental requirementsfor maintaining security and privately maintaining biometric and/orother personal data, including the use of encryption and securitymethods that meets or exceeds industry or government standards. Forexample, biometric and/or other personal data should be collected forlegitimate and reasonable uses and not shared or sold outside of thoselegitimate uses. Further, such collection should occur only afterreceiving the informed consent. Additionally, such entities should takeany needed steps for safeguarding and securing access to such biometricand/or other personal data and ensuring that others with access to thebiometric and/or other personal data adhere to the same privacy policiesand practices. Further, such entities should certify their adherence towidely accepted privacy policies and practices by subjecting themselvesto appropriate third party evaluation.

Additionally, the present disclosure recognizes that people may blockthe use of, storage of, and/or access to biometric and/or other personaldata. Entities who typically collect, analyze, store, and/or otherwiseuse such biometric and/or other personal data should implement andconsistently prevent any collection, analysis, storage, and/or other useof any biometric and/or other personal data blocked by the person fromwhom such biometric and/or other personal data is derived.

In the present disclosure, the methods disclosed may be implemented assets of instructions or software readable by a device. Further, it isunderstood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the methodsdisclosed are examples of sample approaches. In other embodiments, thespecific order or hierarchy of steps in the method can be rearrangedwhile remaining within the disclosed subject matter. The accompanyingmethod claims present elements of the various steps in a sample order,and are not necessarily meant to be limited to the specific order orhierarchy presented.

The described disclosure may be provided as a computer program product,or software, that may include a non-transitory machine-readable mediumhaving stored thereon instructions, which may be used to program acomputer system (or other electronic devices) to perform a processaccording to the present disclosure. A non-transitory machine-readablemedium includes any mechanism for storing information in a form (e.g.,software, processing application) readable by a machine (e.g., acomputer). The non-transitory machine-readable medium may take the formof, but is not limited to, a magnetic storage medium (e.g., floppydiskette, video cassette, and so on); optical storage medium (e.g.,CD-ROM); magneto-optical storage medium; read only memory (ROM); randomaccess memory (RAM); erasable programmable memory (e.g., EPROM andEEPROM); flash memory; and so on.

The foregoing description, for purposes of explanation, used specificnomenclature to provide a thorough understanding of the describedembodiments. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art thatthe specific details are not required in order to practice the describedembodiments. Thus, the foregoing descriptions of the specificembodiments described herein are presented for purposes of illustrationand description. They are not targeted to be exhaustive or to limit theembodiments to the precise forms disclosed. It will be apparent to oneof ordinary skill in the art that many modifications and variations arepossible in view of the above teachings.

What is claimed is:
 1. A system for digital notarization using abiometric identification service, comprising: at least onenon-transitory storage medium that stores instructions; a biometricreader device; a communication unit; and at least one processor,communicably coupled to the biometric reader device and thecommunication unit, that executes the instructions to: receive a payloadfrom a signature requesting service using the communication unit, thepayload identifying a digital item to validate with a signature; obtainat least one digital representation of a biometric using the biometricreader device; receive a data structure from an identification serviceusing the communication unit, the data structure including the payloadand an identity attestation generated using the at least one digitalrepresentation of the biometric, at least a portion of the datastructure encrypted using a private encryption key of the identificationservice; and transmit the data structure to the signature requestingservice using the communication unit; wherein: the at least oneprocessor implements: a signature requesting service module thatperforms processing to receive the payload and transmit the datastructure; and an identification system module that obtains the at leastone digital representation of the biometric and receives the datastructure; and the signature requesting service module and theidentification system module communicate with each other to exchange thepayload and the data structure.
 2. The system of claim 1, wherein theidentity attestation includes a liveness determination related to the atleast one digital representation of the biometric.
 3. The system ofclaim 2, wherein the at least one processor: generates the livenessdetermination by analyzing the at least one digital representation ofthe biometric or at least one additional digital representation of thebiometric; and transmits the liveness determination to theidentification service using the communication unit along with thepayload and the at least one digital representation of the biometric. 4.The system of claim 1, wherein the at least the portion of the datastructure encrypted using the private encryption key of theidentification service includes at least a portion of the payload. 5.The system of claim 4, wherein the at least the portion of the payloadcomprises a hash of at least part of the payload.
 6. The system of claim1, wherein the at least one processor instructs the identificationservice regarding which of a set of identity information to include inthe identity attestation.
 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the at leastone processor instructs the identification service regarding an identityfidelity level to use in generating the identity attestation.
 8. Asystem for digital notarization using a biometric identificationservice, comprising: at least one non-transitory storage medium thatstores instructions; a communication unit; and at least one processor,communicably coupled to the communication unit, that executes theinstructions to: receive a payload from a signature requesting serviceusing the communication unit, the payload identifying a digital item tovalidate with a signature; obtain at least one digital representation ofa biometric; determine a liveness of the at least one digitalrepresentation of the biometric; determine an identity using the atleast one digital representation of the biometric; generate an identityattestation using the identity and the liveness; generate a datastructure that includes the payload and the identity attestation;encrypt at least a portion of the data structure using an identificationservice private encryption key; and transmit the data structure to thesignature requesting service using the communication unit; wherein: theat least one processor implements: a signature requesting service modulethat performs processing to receive the payload and transmit the datastructure; and an identification system module that obtains the at leastone digital representation of the biometric and receives the datastructure; and the signature requesting service module and theidentification system module communicate with each other to exchange thepayload and the data structure.
 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the atleast one processor: encrypts the identity attestation in the datastructure using a symmetric identity attestation encryption key;generates an encrypted version of the symmetric identity attestationencryption key using the identification service private encryption key;and includes the encrypted version of the symmetric identity attestationencryption key in the data structure.
 10. The system of claim 8, whereinthe at least one processor: generates a hash of the payload; andincludes the hash of the payload in the identity attestation.
 11. Thesystem of claim 10, wherein the data structure includes: the payload;the hash of the payload in the identity attestation; and informationregarding a procedure used to generate the hash of the payload.
 12. Thesystem of claim 8, wherein the at least one processor determines theidentity according to an identity fidelity level specified in thepayload.
 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the at least one processorincludes the identity fidelity level in the identity attestation. 14.The system of claim 8, wherein the at least one processor includes a setof identity information in the identity attestation as specified by aperson associated with the identity.
 15. The system of claim 8, whereinthe at least one processor determines the identity by comparing the atleast one digital representation of the biometric to stored biometricdata wherein the stored biometric data is associated with the identity.16. The system of claim 8, wherein the at least one processor determinesthe identity by: verifying access to an account wherein the account isassociated with the identity; and validating that the at least onedigital representation of the biometric matches biometric data storedfor the identity.
 17. A system for digital notarization using abiometric identification service, comprising: at least onenon-transitory storage medium that stores instructions; a communicationunit; and at least one processor, communicably coupled to thecommunication unit, that executes the instructions to: determine tovalidate a digital item with a signature; generate a payload thatidentifies the digital item to validate; transmit the payload to anidentification service using the communication unit; receive a datastructure from the identification service using the communication unit,the data structure including the payload and an identity attestationgenerated using at least one digital representation of a biometric, atleast a portion of the data structure encrypted using a privateencryption key of the identification service; and store the datastructure associated with the digital item in the at least onenon-transitory storage medium; wherein: the at least one processorimplements: a signature requesting service module that performsprocessing to transmit the payload and receive the data structure; andan identification system module that obtains the at least one digitalrepresentation of the biometric and provides the data structure; and thesignature requesting service module and the identification system modulecommunicate with each other to exchange the payload and the datastructure.
 18. The system of claim 17, wherein the at least oneprocessor: uses a public encryption key of the identification service todecrypt the at least the portion of the data structure; extracts thepayload and the identity attestation from the data structure; and usesthe payload and the identity attestation to verify validation of thedigital item.
 19. The system of claim 17, wherein the at least oneprocessor identifies a person for the signature in the payload.
 20. Thesystem of claim 17, wherein the at least one processor includes in thepayload at least one of: an identity fidelity level to use in generatingthe identity attestation; or a set of identity information to include inthe identity attestation.